What is fluoride?

Fluoride is a mineral that has been used in dental care for decades because it hardens tooth enamel and protects against cavities. In toothpastes, fluoride ensures that minerals are incorporated into the tooth—this strengthens the teeth and makes them more resistant to acid and decay. Many dental care products therefore contain fluoride as a classic active ingredient for protecting teeth.

Why is there a debate – friend or foe?

Some criticize fluoride: especially in very high concentrations or with incorrect use, it can cause irritation or side effects. Furthermore, many question whether it makes sense to achieve protection solely through chemical additives—or whether the focus should be on a healthy balance in the oral microbiome.

Another point of criticism: Rinsing immediately after brushing with water or mouthwash can reduce the fluoride effect because some of the fluoride is washed away. This makes the protection less effective.

Science explained briefly

Fluoride acts locally in the mouth: It supports the remineralization of tooth enamel and makes the tooth more resistant to acid attacks by bacteria. This has been proven to reduce the risk of tooth decay.

However, excessive or improper use — such as frequent use on children or rinsing immediately after cleaning — increases the risk of over-supply, which can be problematic.

Therefore, new approaches to oral care advocate a combination: fluoride-containing toothpaste to protect tooth enamel and at the same time microbiome-friendly care that maintains the balance of the oral flora — instead of destroying all bacteria.

What can you do?

• Use a fluoride toothpaste — it protects your tooth enamel and prevents cavities.
• After brushing your teeth, it's best not to rinse immediately with water: this way the fluoride remains effective for longer.
• If possible, use a toothpaste that also takes oral flora protection into account (e.g., microbiome-friendly formulations).
• Use mouthwashes at separate times — not directly after brushing, to avoid washing away the fluoride protection.
• Pay attention to the correct amount and frequency – especially with children – to ensure that the fluoride requirement is not exceeded.

In summary

• Fluoride strengthens tooth enamel and protects against cavities.
• If used incorrectly, the benefits may diminish or undesirable effects may occur.
• The best oral care combines enamel protection with a healthy microbiome.
• Fluoride offers protection — but balance in the oral microbiome remains crucial.

Did you know?

Studies show that rinsing immediately after brushing can reduce fluoride protection by up to 30%.

Sources

• Guidelines and recommendations on fluoridation (e.g. DGZMK)
• Scientific literature on the effect of fluoride on tooth enamel and caries prevention
• Publications on the importance of remineralization and enamel strengthening